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Hassan
1.During RNA synthesis, the DNA template sequence 5’Tp Ap Gp Cp 3′ Would be transcribed to produce which of the following RNA sequence?
A. 5′-Ap Tp Cp Gp-3′
B. 5′-Gp Cp Up Ap-3′
C. 5′-Gp Cp Tp Ap-3′
D. 5′-Ap Tp Cp Gp-3′
2.RNA instability in alkaline solutions is due to
A. adenine
B. ribose
C. uracil
D. adenine
3.In RNA, uracil pairs with
A. adenine
B. cytosine
C. thymine
D. adenine
4.Two features of the tRNA molecule associated, in converting the triplet codon to an amino acid, are
A. in the T Loop and D stem and loop
B. in the T Loop and D stem and loop
C. in the anticodon loop and the 3′ CCA end
D. in the T Loop and D stem and loop
5.A nicked RNA molecule can be ligated by
A. T4 RNA ligase
B. DNA polymerase
C. T4 DNA ligase
D. T4 RNA ligase
6.The tertiary structure of yeast tRNA
A. involves extensive base stacking interactions
B. resembles the 3-dimensional structure of other tRNAs
C. is maintained mostly by non-Watson-Crick base pairing
D. involves extensive base stacking interactions
7.Which of following RNA characteristically contains unusual purines and pyrimidmes?
A. rRNA
B. nRNA
C. mRNA
D. rRNA
8.The anticodon is a structure on
A. rRNA
B. aribosome
C. mRNA
D. rRNA
9.The genetic material of retroviruses such as HIV is
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. protein
D. DNA
10.Transcription of DNA results RNA that have multiple functions including
A. messenger RNA serves as a template for synthesis of proteins
B. tRNA serves as the adapter molecule for the addition of amino acids and elongation of the peptide chain
C. ribosomal RNA serves as machinery for protein synthesis
D. messenger RNA serves as a template for synthesis of proteins
11.Which of the following RNA serves the regulatory functions including splicing, gene silencing?
A. mRNA
B. tRNA
C. rRNA
D. mRNA
12.Which of the following statement is NOT true regarding transcription/RNA synthesis?
A. RNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus
B. Unlike DNA synthesis, the only selective sequence of DNA is transcribed to RNA
C. RNA synthesis requires a short stretch of RNA primers
D. RNA synthesis occurs in the nucleus
13.The pentose sugar moieties are the primary structural difference between DNA and RNA. In addition which of the following is primarily associated with RNA molecule?
A. RNA consist of thymine instead of uracil
B. RNA molecules are highly branched structure
C. RNA molecules have higher structural complexities
D. RNA consist of thymine instead of uracil
14.In prokaryotes, RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of:
A. mRNA
B. rRNA
C. tRNA
D. mRNA
15.The RNA polymerase is a multi-subunit enzyme that recognizes a consensus nucleotide sequence (promoter region) upstream of the transcription start site. In prokaryotes, the consensus promoter sequence
A. Enhancer box
B. Pribnow box
C. Transcription unit
D. Enhancer box
16. RNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA by addition nucleotide monophosphate and release of pyrophosphate for nucleotide triphosphate. RNA polymerase
A. ) consists of 5'-3' exonuclease activity
B. lacks 3'-5' endonuclease activity
C. is a high fidelity enzyme
D. ) consists of 5'-3' exonuclease activity
17.In prokaryotes, a holoenzyme RNA polymerase consists of four core subunits namely 2α, 1β, 1β' and a promoter recognizing σ subunit. It may also require a termination factor for termination of the
A. gamma factor
B. delta factor
C. epsilon factor
D. gamma factor
18.In prokaryotes, TTGACA is an upstream consensus nucleotide sequence that is required for transcription ....... step
A. Initiation
B. Elongation
C. Termination
D. Initiation
19.The termination of transcription occurs in both rho-dependent and rho-independent manner. Which of the following is NOT true regarding the termination of transcription
A. rho proteins recognize C-rich region near 3'end of the newly synthesized RNA
B. rho-independent termination occurs when the transcription reaches the palindromic structure leading to the formation of hairpins
C. rho protein competes with RNA polymerase for binding to nucleotides
D. rho proteins recognize C-rich region near 3'end of the newly synthesized RNA
20.Rifamycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of tuberculosis. It binds to .... subunit of RNA polymerase and inhibits the initiation of transcription.
A. α,
B. β
C. σ
D. α,
21.In eukaryotes, the RNA synthesis process is more complex than prokaryotes. The RNA synthesis process is regulated by chromatin structure, upstream and downstream sequences, binding partners, etc. Whic
A. Most actively transcribed genes are found in a loosely relaxed form of chromatin called euchromatin
B. The most inactive segment of DNA is found in compact chromatin structure called heterochromatin
C. Histone modification such as methylation, acetylation regulate the RNA transcription by modulating chromatin structure
D. Most actively transcribed genes are found in a loosely relaxed form of chromatin called euchromatin
22.In eukaryotes, three different RNA polymerases are involved in the synthesis of a different class of RNAs namely: rRNA, tRNA, and mRNA. The RNA polymerase that is required for the synthesis of mRNA is
A. RNA polymerase I
B. RNA polymerase II
C. RNA polymerase III
D. RNA polymerase I
23.In eukaryotes, the consensus promoter sequences (TATA box) that are required for initiation of transcription is generally present
A. 10 nucleotide upstream of transcription start site (TSS)
B. 25 nucleotide upstream of TSS
C. 10 nucleotide downstream of TSS
D. 10 nucleotide upstream of transcription start site (TSS)
24. Enhancers are special cis-acting DNA sequences that increase the rate of transcription by RNA polymerase. Which of the following is true regarding enhancers?
A. 10 nucleotide upstream elements
B. 25 nucleotide downstream elements
C. present closer or 1000s nucleotide upstream or downstream of TSS
D. 10 nucleotide upstream elements
25.The capping of nucleotide prevents the rapid cleavage of mRNA and catalyzed by guanylyltransferase. Identify the nucleotide cap that is attached at the 5'end of mRNA.
A. 5-methyl guanosine
B. 7- methyl guanosine
C. 5- acetyl guanosine
D. 5-methyl guanosine
26. The repeating units of proteins are
A. glucose units
B. amino acids
C. fatty acids
D. glucose units
27. Amino acids are joined by
A. peptide bond
B. hydrogen bond
C. ionic bond
D. peptide bond
28. The primary structure of protein represents
A. Linear sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bond
B. 3-dimensional structure of protein
C. helical structure of protein
D. Linear sequence of amino acids joined by peptide bond
29. Peptide bond is
A. rigid with partial double bond character
B. planar, covalent
C. covalent
D. rigid with partial double bond character
30.Enzymes are
A. proteins
B. carbohydrates
C. nucleic acids
D. proteins
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