Crop period is the time period that is elapsed from the instant of sowing to that of harvesting. Kor period is the time elapsed for kor watering. The base period is the time elapsed from first watering to the last watering

Tillage is the technical term used for soil preparation to ensure ideal conditions for seed germination and growth of crops. Itt involes ploughing or dig-up, mix and overturning of the soil, followed by breaking the soil into small mass and then levelling the field.

Before sowing a crop first water has to be done on the land to add sufficient water to the unsaturated zone of a soil which is required for the intial growth of the crop . This watering is known as Paleo.

Intensity of irrigation can be definesd as "a ratio of irrigation land at a time one crop season to C.C.A". Mathematically, Area to be irrigated = C.C.A x intensity of irrigation.

A part of the water that will move out of soil , if proper drainage is provided, is known as gravitational or superfluous water. This is not useful for the plants and it cannot be absorbed by the root zone.